used in 3:8, 10; 4:1) which can refer to both moral evil and amoral tragedy. Here it refers to the overturning of Nineveh (3:4). The word for “relent” is discussed at 3:7–9. 4:3–4 Jonah’s response echoes the death wish of Elijah (1 Kgs 19:4). Elijah worried about failing. Jonah is upset about succeeding. Elijah felt God would not do enough. Jonah is angry because God did too much. It is actually the second time Jonah has volunteered to die in the book, the first during the storm when he urges the